Low price or lifting rate of broiler chicks & broiler meat from farm feed formulation forced to change with alternative raw materials which early also practice in industry but it was restricted to 0.5 to 1% which normally does not affect macro & micronutrients since feed formulation is not only to balancing of macronutrients micronutrients mathematically on paper but also their biological correlation, If one increase how it affect other nutrients in absorption rate or cause deficiency of other nutrients some of the clinical observation in the field which has been observed & how it is misunderstood with IBH which after lab test it has been confirmed that it is not IBH corrected by macro & micronutrients.
The rate of carbohydrate absorption differs in grain & millets interesting possibility is that slowly digestible starch may be sparing amino acids from catabolism in the gut mucosa (Enting et al., 2005). glucose and amino acids, especially glutamate and glutamine, are catabolized in avian enterocytes for energy provision (Watford et al., 1979). If this proposition is valid, energy would be more efficiently derived from glucose (Fleming et al., 1997) and the post-enteral availability of amino acids would be enhanced. Diets formulated based on pre-determined starch and protein digestion rates; Liu et al. (2020) found that broiler diets with a starch-to-protein digestion rate ratio of 1.66 generated the optimal FCR of 1.450 from 7 to 35-day post–hatch. Nevertheless, if practical nutritionists are to harness digestive dynamics into their formulation of broiler diets, starch and protein digestion rates of relevant feedstuffs need to be established.
So while formulating feed formulation inclusion of alternative grain or millets as an energy source following points need to remember for balancing of rapid starch & protein ratio.
Choice of grain in feed define based on rapidly & slowly digestible starch relatively
- Wheat starch digestion rate is 117/minute more rapidly than maize & it contains 29.5 % rapidly digestible starch.
- Maize starch digestion rate is 087/minute & it contains 20.9% rapidly starch
- Sorghum/ Bajra starch is digested at 0.075/minute & contains 2% rapidly digestible starch.
- Parboiled rice has (30%) less rapidly digestible starch than white Rice (50-60%)
Case I Layer :
Recently one of the layer farmers complained about a fatty layer in his layer farm & he has tried all kinds of additives that work on the fatty liver since in his formulation (feed formulation himself based on breed standard manual) carbohydrates energy parts come from Bajra (Peral millet) & white Rice which disturbing rapidly starch & protein ratio which he is not paying attention this is a typical case of macronutrients imbalancing.
In the same climatic region where the farm is more closed & 1 decade older but by careful balancing of macronutrients & micronutrients, feed cost is cheaper by 1 to 2 INR per kg & more uniformity in farms birds in terms of body weight, production, the less clinical challenge in birds.
Case II Broiler: Mortality in Broiler birds is 12 to 30 % in some farm or integration cases even more which normal expectation is between 3 to 5 % mortality. In some areas, viral outbreaks, and vaccine failure is more came to notice along with the secondary multiple complications in broiler birds we observed. It was so much confusion looking at symptoms in the field because of an imbalance of macronutrients, and inadequate micronutrients which cause loose or lammed birds to enlarge discolored livers & swollen kidneys..….click here to read the full news